Mulu wazitsulo zachitsulondi chitsulo dongosolo ndi kugwirizana zipangizo m'mbali, ndi kugwirizana zipangizo akhoza momasuka pamodzi kupanga mosalekeza ndi zolimba kusunga nthaka kapena madzi kusunga khoma.
Milu yachitsulo imayendetsedwa (kukakamizidwa) ku maziko ndi dalaivala wa mulu ndikugwirizanitsa wina ndi mzake kuti apange khoma lachitsulo lachitsulo kuti asunge nthaka ndi madzi.Mitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagawo osiyanasiyana ndi awa: mawonekedwe a U, mawonekedwe a Z ndi mtundu wowongoka.
Milu yachitsulo ndi yoyenera kuthandizira maziko ofewa ndi maenje akuya okhala ndi madzi apansi panthaka.Ndiosavuta kupanga ndipo ali ndi mwayi woyimitsa madzi bwino ndipo atha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito.Mkhalidwe woperekedwa wa milu yazitsulo zachitsulo.Utali wotumizira wamilu yazitsulo zozizira6m, 9m, 12m, ndi 15m.Zitha kusinthidwanso kuti zidulidwe molingana ndi zofunikira za ogwiritsa ntchito, ndi kutalika kwa 24m.
Dalaivala wa mulu, yemwe amadziwika kuti "manipulator", ndi makina oyendetsa milu yazitsulo.Poyendetsa ndikutulutsa milu, liwiro ndi kugwedezeka pafupipafupi kumatha kusinthidwa kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zamalo osiyanasiyana ogwira ntchito.
Ntchito Yomanga
(1) Kukonzekera zomanga: Asanayendetse muluwo, poyambira pa muluwo ayenera kutsekedwa kuti nthaka isalowemo, ndipo lokoyo iyenera kupakidwa ndi batala kapena mafuta ena.Milu yazitsulo zachitsulo zomwe zawonongeka, zokhala ndi maloko opunduka, ndi dzimbiri kwambiri ziyenera kukonzedwa ndi kukonzedwa.Milu yopindika komanso yopunduka imatha kuwongoleredwa ndi kuthamanga kwa hydraulic jack kapena kuphika moto.
(2) Kugawikana kwa magawo otaya milu.
(3) Pa nthawi yomanga mulu.Kuonetsetsa verticality wa zitsulo mapepala milu.Gwiritsani ntchito theodolite iwiri kuwongolera mbali ziwiri.
(4) Malo ndi chitsogozo cha milu yoyamba ndi yachiwiri yazitsulo zachitsulo zomwe zimayamba kuyendetsedwa ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti zikhale zolondola kuti zikhale ngati chitsanzo chotsogolera.Chifukwa chake, iwo ayenera kuyeza 1m iliyonse pagalimoto.Pambuyo poyendetsa mpaka kukuya kokonzedweratu, nthawi yomweyo gwiritsani ntchito zitsulo kapena mbale zachitsulo kuzungulira milu.Buraketiyo imawotchedwa kuti ikonzedwe kwakanthawi.
Zotsatira:
1. Kugwira ndi kuthetsa mavuto angapo omwe amadza panthawi yofukula;
2. Kumangako ndi kosavuta ndipo nthawi yomanga imafupikitsidwa.
3. Ntchito zomanga, zimatha kuchepetsa zofunikira za malo;
4. Kugwiritsa ntchito milu yazitsulo zachitsulo kungapereke chitetezo chofunikira komanso nthawi yake (pa ntchito zothandizira tsoka ndi zopulumutsa);
5. Kugwiritsa ntchito milu yazitsulo zachitsulo sikuletsedwa ndi nyengo;
6. Pogwiritsa ntchito milu yazitsulo zazitsulo, njira zovuta zowunika momwe zinthu zikuyendera kapena machitidwe akhoza kukhala osavuta;
7. Onetsetsani kusinthika kwake, kusinthana kwabwino ndikugwiritsanso ntchito.
8. Itha kusinthidwanso ndi kugwiritsidwanso ntchito, kupulumutsa ndalama.
Zakeubwinondi: mphamvu yapamwamba, yosavuta kuyendetsa mu nthaka yolimba;ikhoza kumangidwa m'madzi akuya, ndipo ngati kuli kofunikira, zothandizira zozungulira zimatha kuwonjezeredwa kuti zipange khola.Ili ndi ntchito yabwino yopanda madzi;imatha kupanga ma cofferdam amitundu yosiyanasiyana ngati pakufunika ndipo atha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi zambiri.Choncho, ili ndi ntchito zambiri.
1. Imakhala ndi mphamvu yonyamula mphamvu komanso kapangidwe ka kuwala.Khoma lopitirira lopangidwa ndi milu yazitsulo zachitsulo zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso zolimba.
2. Imakhala ndi madzi otsekemera bwino ndipo zokhoma pazitsulo zazitsulo zazitsulo zimagwirizanitsidwa mwamphamvu kuti zisawonongeke mwachibadwa.
3. Ntchito yomangayi ndi yophweka, imatha kugwirizanitsa ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana za geological ndi nthaka yabwino, imatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nthaka yomwe inakumbidwa mu dzenje la maziko, ndipo ntchitoyi imatenga malo ochepa.4. Kukhalitsa bwino.Kutengera malo ogwiritsira ntchito, moyo wautumiki ukhoza kukhala zaka 50.
5. Ntchito yomangayi ndi yogwirizana ndi chilengedwe, kuchuluka kwa nthaka yomwe imatengedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa konkire kumachepetsedwa kwambiri, zomwe zingathe kuteteza bwino nthaka.
6. Ntchitoyi ndi yothandiza kwambiri ndipo ndiyoyenera kwambiri kukhazikitsidwa mwachangu kwa chithandizo ndi kupewa ngozi monga kuwongolera kusefukira kwamadzi, kugwa, mchenga, ndi zivomezi.7. Zinthuzo zitha kubwezeretsedwanso ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza.M'mapulojekiti osakhalitsa, amatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi 20 mpaka 30.
8. Poyerekeza ndi zida zina zamtundu umodzi, khomalo ndi lopepuka ndipo limatha kusinthika kwambiri, ndikupangitsa kuti likhale loyenera kupewa komanso kuchiza masoka osiyanasiyana achilengedwe.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-22-2024