Pamene tikuyenda kuchokera kumalo ena kupita kwina, nthawi zambiri timanyalanyaza maukonde ovuta a zomangamanga za sitima zomwe zimathandiza kuti sitima zizigwira ntchito bwino komanso mopanda vuto. Pakati pa zomangamanga izi pali njanji zachitsulo, zomwe ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la njanji za sitima. Pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njanji zachitsulo zomwe zilipo, zomwe zimatsatira muyezo wa BS zimakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakuonetsetsa kuti njira za sitima zili zotetezeka komanso zodalirika.
Sitima yachitsulo yokhazikika ya BS, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti British Standard Rails, imapangidwa ndi kupangidwa motsatira malangizo omwe akhazikitsidwa ndi British Standards Institution (BSI). Ma njanji awa amapangidwa kuti akwaniritse zofunikira kwambiri pa khalidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale chisankho chofunikira kwambiri pa ntchito zomanga ndi kukonza njanji. Kutsatira muyezo wa BS kumatanthauza kudzipereka pakuchita bwino kwambiri, kulimba, komanso kusasinthasintha popanga njanji zachitsulo, zomwe pamapeto pake zimathandiza kuti ntchito za njanji ziyende bwino komanso motetezeka.
Chimodzi mwa ubwino waukulu wa njanji zachitsulo zokhazikika za BS ndi mphamvu zawo zapamwamba komanso kulimba kwawo. Njanjizi zimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zachitsulo zapamwamba kwambiri ndipo zimayesedwa mwamphamvu kuti zitsimikizire kuti zimatha kupirira katundu wolemera, nyengo yoipa kwambiri, komanso kuwonongeka kosalekeza. Chifukwa chake, zimapereka kukana kwakukulu ku kusintha, ming'alu, ndi dzimbiri, motero zimawonjezera nthawi ya njanji ndikuchepetsa kufunikira kosintha kapena kukonza pafupipafupi. Kulimba kumeneku ndikofunikira kuti pakhale kukhazikika kwa zomangamanga za njanji ndikuletsa kusokonezeka kwa ntchito za sitima.
| BS11: njanji yokhazikika ya 1985 | |||||||
| chitsanzo | kukula (mm) | chinthu | khalidwe la zinthu | kutalika | |||
| m'lifupi mwa mutu | mtunda | bolodi loyambira | kuya kwa chiuno | (kg/m2) | (m) | ||
| A(mm) | B(mm) | C(mm) | D(mm) | ||||
| 500 | 52.39 | 100.01 | 100.01 | 10.32 | 24.833 | 700 | 6-18 |
| 60 A | 57.15 | 114.3 | 109.54 | 11.11 | 30.618 | 900A | 6-18 |
| 60R | 57.15 | 114.3 | 109.54 | 11.11 | 29.822 | 700 | 6-18 |
| 70 A | 60.32 | 123.82 | 111.12 | 12.3 | 34.807 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 75 A | 61.91 | 128.59 | 14.3 | 12.7 | 37.455 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 75R | 61.91 | 128.59 | 122.24 | 13.1 | 37.041 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 80 A | 63.5 | 133.35 | 117.47 | 13.1 | 39.761 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 80 R | 63.5 | 133.35 | 127 | 13.49 | 39.674 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 90 A | 66.67 | 142.88 | 127 | 13.89 | 45.099 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 100A | 69.85 | 152.4 | 133.35 | 15.08 | 50.182 | 900A | 8-25 |
| 113A | 69.85 | 158.75 | 139.7 | 20 | 56.398 | 900A | 8-25 |
Kuwonjezera pa kapangidwe kawo kolimba,njanji zachitsuloapangidwa kuti akwaniritse kulekerera kolondola kwa miyeso ndi mawonekedwe. Kulondola kumeneku ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti sitima ziziyenda bwino komanso mokhazikika m'njira zoyendera. Potsatira zomwe zili mu muyezo wa BS, njanji izi zimapangidwa ndi ma profiles ogwirizana, kulunjika, ndi kulumikizana, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti zichepetse kusayenda bwino kwa njanji ndikusunga kulumikizana koyenera pakati pa mawilo a sitima ndi njanji. Kulondola kwa mizere yachitsulo ya BS kumathandizira kuti sitima ziziyenda bwino komanso kuti zikhale zotetezeka, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kusokonekera kwa njanji ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito onse a netiweki ya sitima.
Kuphatikiza apo, kutsatira muyezo wa BS kumaonetsetsa kuti njanji zachitsulo zimatsatira miyezo yowunikira bwino khalidwe panthawi yonse yopanga. Kuyambira kusankha zipangizo zopangira mpaka kuwunika komaliza kwa njanji zomalizidwa, kutsatira kwambiri muyezowo kumatsimikizira kuti njanjizo zikukwaniritsa zofunikira za makina, kapangidwe ka mankhwala, ndi magwiridwe antchito. Mlingo uwu wa kuwongolera khalidwe ndikofunikira kuti pakhale chidaliro pa kudalirika ndi magwiridwe antchito a njanji zachitsulo zokhazikika za BS, kupatsa ogwira ntchito pa sitima ndi oyang'anira zomangamanga chitsimikizo kuti njanjizo zidzakwaniritsa zofunikira za ntchito zonyamula sitima zolemera nthawi zonse.
Kufunika kwa njanji zachitsulo za BS standard kumapitirira mphamvu zawo zakuthupi, chifukwa zimathandizanso kwambiri pakulimbikitsa mgwirizano ndi kukhazikika kwa makampani opanga njanji padziko lonse lapansi. Mwa kutsatira muyezo wodziwika bwino komanso wolemekezeka monga muyezo wa BS, mapulojekiti omanga njanji amatha kupindula ndikugwirizana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zoyendera, makina ozindikiritsa, ndi zida zokonzera zomwe zapangidwa kuti zigwirizane bwino ndi njanji zomwe zimakwaniritsa muyezo womwewo. Kugwirizana kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti njira zogulira, kukhazikitsa, ndi kukonza zomangamanga za njanji zikhale zosavuta, zomwe pamapeto pake zimapangitsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito njanji ndi akuluakulu aboma azisunga ndalama komanso kuti ntchito zawo ziyende bwino.
Pomaliza, kugwiritsa ntchito BSSitima Yapamtundandi yofunika kwambiri pakukula, kukulitsa, ndi kukonza zomangamanga zamakono za sitima. Njanji izi zikuphatikiza mfundo za ubwino, kulimba, kulondola, ndi kugwirira ntchito limodzi, zomwe zonse ndizofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kuti maukonde a sitima akuyenda bwino komanso motetezeka. Pamene kufunikira kwa njira zodalirika komanso zogwira ntchito bwino za sitima kukupitirira kukula, ntchito ya njanji zokhazikika zachitsulo za BS pakupanga tsogolo la mayendedwe a sitima sikuyenera kunyalanyazidwa. Potsatira miyezo yomwe yakhazikitsidwa ndi British Standards Institution, makampani a sitima angapitirize kudalira luso lotsimikizika la njanji zokhazikika zachitsulo za BS kuti zithandizire kuyenda kwa anthu ndi katundu molimba mtima komanso modalirika.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-23-2024