Kapangidwe ka StrutNdi nyumba yopangidwa ndi zitsulo ndipo ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yayikulu ya nyumba zomangira. Nyumbayi imapangidwa makamaka ndi matabwa achitsulo, mizati yachitsulo, zitsulo zomangira ndi zinthu zina zopangidwa ndi zigawo zachitsulo ndi mbale zachitsulo, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito njira zochotsera dzimbiri ndi kupewa dzimbiri monga silanization, pure manganese phosphating, kutsuka ndi kuumitsa madzi, ndi galvanizing. Ma weld, mabolts kapena rivets nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza zigawo kapena zigawo. Chifukwa cha kulemera kwake kopepuka komanso kapangidwe kosavuta, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale akuluakulu, malo ochitirako zinthu, nyumba zazitali kwambiri, milatho ndi minda ina. Nyumba zachitsulo zimakhala ndi dzimbiri. Nthawi zambiri, nyumba zachitsulo zimafunika kukhala zopanda dzimbiri, zomatira kapena zopakidwa utoto, ndikusamalidwa nthawi zonse.
Tanthauzo
Chitsulo chimadziwika ndi mphamvu zambiri, kulemera kopepuka, kulimba bwino, komanso kukana kusintha kwa zinthu, kotero ndi choyenera kwambiri kumanga nyumba zazikulu, zazitali kwambiri, komanso zolemera kwambiri; chinthucho chili ndi homogeneity yabwino komanso isotropy, ndipo ndi thupi lolimba bwino, lomwe limagwirizana bwino ndi malingaliro oyambira a makina wamba aukadaulo; chinthucho chili ndi pulasitiki yabwino komanso kulimba, chimatha kusintha kwakukulu, ndipo chimatha kupirira katundu wosinthasintha; nthawi yomanga ndi yochepa; chili ndi mafakitale ambiri ndipo chingapangidwe ndi makina ambiri.
Kapangidwe ka zitsulo kayenera kuphunzira za chitsulo champhamvu kwambiri kuti chiwongolere kwambiri mphamvu zake zopezera phindu; kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yatsopano ya chitsulo iyenera kukulungidwa, monga chitsulo chooneka ngati H (chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti chitsulo chachikulu cha flange) ndi chitsulo chooneka ngati T ndi mbale zachitsulo zomangiriridwa kuti zikwaniritse zosowa za nyumba zazikulu komanso nyumba zazitali kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, pali dongosolo lopangidwa ndi chitsulo chopepuka lopanda milatho yotentha. Nyumbayo yokha siisunga mphamvu. Ukadaulo uwu umagwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira zapadera zanzeru kuti athetse vuto la milatho yozizira ndi yotentha mnyumbamo; kapangidwe kakang'ono ka truss kamalola zingwe ndi mapaipi amadzi kudutsa pakhoma, zomwe ndizosavuta kumanga ndi kukongoletsa.
Mawonekedwe
1. Mphamvu yayikulu yazinthu ndi kulemera kopepuka
Chitsulo chili ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso modulus yolimba kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi konkire ndi matabwa, chiŵerengero chake cha mphamvu ndi kulemera kwake ndi chochepa. Chifukwa chake, pansi pa zovuta zomwezo, kapangidwe ka chitsulo kali ndi gawo laling'ono komanso kulemera kopepuka, komwe ndikosavuta kunyamula ndikuyika. Ndikoyenera nyumba zokhala ndi ma span akuluakulu, kutalika kwambiri komanso katundu wolemera.
2. Chitsulo chili ndi kulimba kwabwino, pulasitiki, zinthu zofanana komanso kudalirika kwakukulu kwa kapangidwe kake
Yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamula katundu ndi mphamvu, yokhala ndi kukana kwamphamvu kwa zivomerezi. Kapangidwe ka mkati mwa chitsulo ndi kofanana ndipo kamafanana ndi thupi lofanana la isotropic. Kagwiridwe ka ntchito ka kapangidwe ka chitsulo kakugwirizana kwambiri ndi chiphunzitso cha kuwerengera. Chifukwa chake, kapangidwe ka chitsulo kali ndi kudalirika kwakukulu.
3. Mlingo wapamwamba wa makina popanga ndi kukhazikitsa kapangidwe ka zitsulo
Zigawo za kapangidwe ka chitsulo n'zosavuta kupanga m'mafakitale ndikuzisonkhanitsa pamalopo. Zinthu zomalizidwa za zigawo za kapangidwe ka chitsulo zopangidwa ndi makina zopangidwa m'mafakitale ndi zolondola kwambiri, zogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, zofulumira kupanga pamalopo komanso nthawi yochepa yomanga. Kapangidwe ka chitsulo ndi kapangidwe kamene kali ndi mafakitale apamwamba kwambiri.
4. Kusindikiza bwino kwa kapangidwe ka chitsulo
Popeza kapangidwe kake kolumikizidwa kakhoza kutsekedwa kwathunthu, kangapangidwe kukhala ziwiya zodzaza ndi mphamvu yamagetsi, matanki akuluakulu amafuta, mapaipi odzaza ndi mphamvu yamagetsi, ndi zina zotero. Zopanda mpweya wabwino komanso zoletsa madzi.
5. Kapangidwe ka chitsulo ndi kosatha kutentha koma kosatha moto
Kutentha kukafika pansi pa 150℃, mphamvu za chitsulo sizisintha kwenikweni. Chifukwa chake, kapangidwe ka chitsulo ndi koyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo otentha, koma pamwamba pa nyumbayo pakatentha kwambiri kufika pafupifupi 150℃, iyenera kutetezedwa ndi ma board oteteza kutentha. Kutentha kukafika pa 300℃-400℃, mphamvu ndi elastic modulus ya chitsulo zidzatsika kwambiri. Kutentha kukafika pafupifupi 600℃, mphamvu ya chitsulo imakhala zero. M'nyumba zomwe zili ndi zofunikira zapadera zotetezera moto, nyumba zachitsulo ziyenera kutetezedwa ndi zinthu zotsutsa kuti ziwongolere kukana moto.
6. Kukana dzimbiri kwa kapangidwe ka chitsulo
Makamaka m'malo okhala ndi chinyezi komanso zinthu zowononga, zimakhala zosavuta kuchita dzimbiri. Kawirikawiri, nyumba zachitsulo zimafunika kutetezedwa ku dzimbiri, kupakidwa chitsulo kapena kupakidwa utoto, ndikusamalidwa nthawi zonse. Pa nyumba zapamadzi za m'nyanja, njira zapadera monga "zinc block anode protection" zimafunika kuti zipewe dzimbiri.
7. Mpweya wotsika, wopulumutsa mphamvu, wobiriwira komanso wosamalira chilengedwe, wogwiritsidwanso ntchito
Kugwetsa nyumba zachitsulo sikudzapanga zinyalala zomangira, ndipo zitsulo zimatha kubwezeretsedwanso ndikugwiritsidwanso ntchito.
Kuchokera pa denga lokongola la malo akuluakulu mpaka pa denga lolunjika la nyumba zazitali kwambiri, kapangidwe ka chitsulo kakhala chizindikiro chofunikira cha chitukuko cha zomangamanga zamakono ndi makhalidwe ake abwino kwambiri amakina ndi ubwino wa mafakitale. Ngakhale kuti pali mavuto achilengedwe okhudzana ndi kukana moto ndi dzimbiri, zofooka izi zikuthetsedwa chimodzi ndi chimodzi ndi chitukuko cha chitsulo champhamvu kwambiri, luso la ukadaulo wotsutsana ndi dzimbiri komanso kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo wopewa moto. Makamaka motsogozedwa ndi cholinga cha "dual carbon", kapangidwe ka chitsulo, komwe kali ndi carbon yochepa, kosamalira chilengedwe komanso kobwezeretsanso, kakugwirizana kwambiri ndi lingaliro la nyumba zobiriwira. Ukadaulo wake watsopano monga makina otentha opanda mlatho ndi zomangamanga zokhazikika zimasonyezanso njira yamtsogolo yomangira mafakitale.
Pamene kapangidwe kozizira ka chitsulo kaphatikizidwa bwino ndi zaluso zomanga, komanso pamene kukongola kwa makina ndi magwiridwe antchito zili bwino, kapangidwe ka chitsulo kakhala kakuposa zinthu zokha ndipo kakhala mphamvu yaikulu yoyendetsa kusintha kwa malo a m'mizinda. Kuyambira mafakitale mpaka nyumba zodziwika bwino, kuyambira mapulojekiti a milatho mpaka nsanja za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, "chigoba chopumira" ichi chikupitiriza kulemba nthano yophatikiza kulimba ndi kusinthasintha m'mbiri ya zomangamanga ndi kusinthasintha kwake kosatha. Poyang'ana mtsogolo, ndi kubwerezabwereza kwa sayansi ya zinthu ndi ukadaulo womanga, nyumba zachitsulo zidzathandizira malingaliro a anthu a malo m'magawo osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa nyumba iliyonse kukhala chizindikiro cha nthawi yomwe ukadaulo ndi kukongola zimakhalira limodzi.
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Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-16-2025