Posachedwapa, mitengo ya zitsulo zamtengo wapatali monga aluminiyamu ndi mkuwa ku United States yakwera kwambiri. Kusinthaku kwayambitsa mafunde pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi ngati mafunde, komanso kwabweretsa nthawi yosiyana kwambiri pamsika wa aluminiyamu ndi mkuwa waku China. Aluminiyamu, monga chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chili ndi udindo wofunikira pachuma cha dziko, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo ambiri chifukwa cha makhalidwe ake abwino monga kulemera kopepuka, kapangidwe kake kolimba, kuyendetsa bwino magetsi komanso kuyendetsa bwino magetsi.Mapepala a aluminiyamu, machubu a aluminiyamundi aluminiyamuma coil, monga nthambi zofunika kwambiri za zinthu zopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu, zakopa chidwi chachikulu pakukula kwa msika wa aluminiyamu ndi mkuwa. Kenako, tiyeni tiwone mozama mitundu itatu iyi ya zinthu.
Chubu cha aluminiyamu: chopepuka, chosagwira dzimbiri, komanso chosinthasintha
Mapaipi a Aluminiyamundi mtundu wa chubu chachitsulo chosakhala ndi chitsulo. Ndi chinthu chachitsulo chopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu yeniyeni kapena aluminiyamu kudzera mu extrusion ndipo chili ndi dzenje m'litali mwake lonse. Chikhoza kutsekedwa ndi mabowo amodzi kapena angapo, ndipo makulidwe a khoma ndi gawo lopingasa zimakhala zofanana komanso zofanana. Nthawi zambiri chimaperekedwa molunjika kapena mozungulira.
Pali njira zambiri zogawira machubu a aluminiyamu. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe ake, amatha kugawidwa m'machubu ang'onoang'ono, machubu ozungulira, machubu okhala ndi mapangidwe, ndi machubu opangidwa mwapadera; malinga ndi njira yotulutsira, pali machubu a aluminiyamu osapindika ndi machubu wamba otulutsidwa; malinga ndi kulondola kwake, amagawidwa m'machubu wamba a aluminiyamu ndi machubu a aluminiyamu olondola; malinga ndi makulidwe ake, pali machubu wamba a aluminiyamu ndi machubu a aluminiyamu okhala ndi makoma owonda. Machubu a aluminiyamu ndi opirira dzimbiri komanso opepuka kulemera, ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe abwino opindika ndipo ndi osavuta kuyika ndi kusuntha.
Mu ntchito zenizeni, machubu a aluminiyamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magalimoto, zombo, ndege, zida zamagetsi, ulimi, zamagetsi, mipando yapakhomo ndi mafakitale ena. Mwachitsanzo, m'magawo a magalimoto ndi ndege, machubu a aluminiyamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapaipi osiyanasiyana ndi zida zomangira chifukwa cha kulemera kwawo kopepuka komanso mphamvu zambiri. Mumakampani opanga mpweya wabwino, machubu a aluminiyamu amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri ngati machubu olumikizira, ndipo ali ndi ubwino waukulu muukadaulo wowotcherera, moyo wautumiki komanso kusunga mphamvu.
Mbale ya aluminiyamu: ntchito zosiyanasiyana komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri
Mapepala a Aluminiyamundi chinthu chopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu chooneka ngati mbale chomwe chimapangidwa ndi njira zingapo monga kupotoza ndi kutulutsa ma ingot a aluminiyamu kudzera mu njira zopangira pulasitiki. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti mbaleyo ikugwira ntchito bwino, chinthu chomalizidwacho chiyenera kukonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito annealing, solid solution treatment ndi njira zina.
Kuchokera pamalingaliro a gulu, mbale za aluminiyamu zimagawidwa m'magulu atsatanetsatane malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu za alloy, ukadaulo wopangira, makulidwe ndi mawonekedwe a pamwamba. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu za alloy, zitha kugawidwa m'magulu angapo, monga mbale ya aluminiyamu yoyera ya mafakitale ya 1 × × × ×, mbale ya aluminiyamu ya 2 × × × × alloy-copper alloy, ndi zina zotero. Mbale ya aluminiyamu ya 1 × × × × ili ndi aluminiyamu yambiri, yokhala ndi chiyero choposa 99.00%. Njira yopangira ndi yosavuta ndipo mtengo wake ndi wotsika mtengo. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale wamba. Mwachitsanzo, mbale ya aluminiyamu ya 1050 nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zofunika tsiku ndi tsiku, zotenthetsera kutentha ndi zinthu zina; mbale za aluminiyamu za 2 × × × × zimakhala ndi kuuma kwakukulu komanso mkuwa wa pafupifupi 3-5%. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'munda wa ndege. Mwachitsanzo, mbale za aluminiyamu za 2024 nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida za ndege.
Malinga ndi ukadaulo wopangira zinthu, mbale za aluminiyamu zitha kugawidwa m'ma mbale a aluminiyamu opindidwa ozizira ndi mbale za aluminiyamu zopindidwa otentha; malinga ndi makulidwe, zitha kugawidwa m'ma mbale opyapyala ndi mbale zokhuthala zapakatikati; malinga ndi mawonekedwe a pamwamba, zitha kugawidwanso m'ma mbale athyathyathya ndi mbale za aluminiyamu zokongoletsedwa. Mu ntchito zothandiza, mbale za aluminiyamu zimatha kuwoneka kulikonse, kuyambira zowunikira, zowunikira za dzuwa, mpaka kunja kwa nyumba, zokongoletsera zamkati, mpaka ndege ndi minda yankhondo, mbale za aluminiyamu zimakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri.
Choyira cha aluminiyamu: chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa ntchito zamafakitale
Chophimba cha Aluminiyamundi chinthu chachitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito podulira ubweya pambuyo pogubuduza ndi kupindika ndi mphero yopangira zinthu. Ma coil a aluminiyamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zamagetsi, ma phukusi, zomangamanga, makina ndi mafakitale ena.
Malinga ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachitsulo zomwe zili mkati, ma coil a aluminiyamu amatha kugawidwa m'magulu 9. Ma coil a aluminiyamu a mndandanda wa 1000 ali ndi aluminiyamu yambiri ndipo ndi otsika mtengo, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale wamba; ma coil a aluminiyamu a mndandanda wa 2000 ali ndi kuuma kwakukulu ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'munda wa ndege; ma coil a aluminiyamu a mndandanda wa 3000 ali ndi mphamvu yabwino yolimbana ndi dzimbiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ozizira monga ma air conditioner ndi mafiriji; ma coil a aluminiyamu a mndandanda wa 5000 ndi ma alloy a aluminiyamu-magnesium okhala ndi mphamvu zochepa komanso zolimba kwambiri, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale onse oyendetsa ndege komanso wamba.
Pokonza ma coil a aluminiyamu, popeza silicon imawononga carbide yopangidwa ndi simenti, ndikofunikira kusankha zida zoyenera malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa silicon. Ngati kuchuluka kwa silicon kupitirira 8%, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zida za diamondi; ngati kuchuluka kwa silicon kuli pakati pa 8% ndi 12%, zida wamba za carbide yopangidwa ndi simenti ndi zida za diamondi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, koma pogwiritsa ntchito zida za carbide yopangidwa ndi simenti, zida zomwe zakonzedwa ndi njira ya PVD, sizili ndi zinthu za aluminiyamu, ndipo zimakhala ndi makulidwe ang'onoang'ono a filimu ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Poganizira za kukwera kwakukulu kwa mitengo ya aluminiyamu ndi mkuwa ku United States komanso nthawi yowonjezera ya aluminiyamu yaku China ndimkuwaMsika, mafakitale a aluminiyamu, machubu a aluminiyamu, ndi ma coil a aluminiyamu nawonso abweretsa mwayi watsopano wopititsa patsogolo chitukuko. Kumbali imodzi, kukwera kwa mitengo kwabweretsa mwayi wopeza phindu kwa mabizinesi; kumbali ina, ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa sayansi ndi ukadaulo komanso chitukuko chosalekeza cha mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kufunikira kwa ma plate a aluminiyamu, machubu a aluminiyamu, ndi ma coil a aluminiyamu kukukulirakulira, makamaka m'magawo atsopano monga mphamvu zatsopano ndi ndege.
Komabe, tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti kusinthasintha kwa msika ndi kusatsimikizika kulipobe. Mitengo ya aluminiyamu imakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zambiri, monga momwe chuma cha padziko lonse chilili, mfundo ndi malamulo, komanso kupezeka ndi kufunikira. Patsogolo, mabizinesi omwe ali m'makampani opanga aluminiyamu, machubu a aluminiyamu ndi ma coil a aluminiyamu ayenera kupitiliza kupititsa patsogolo luso lawo laukadaulo komanso luso lawo lopanga zinthu zatsopano, kukonza kapangidwe ka zinthu ndikukweza khalidwe la zinthu kuti agwirizane bwino ndi kusintha kwa msika ndikukhala ndi malo pampikisano waukulu wamsika. Nthawi yomweyo, mabizinesi ayeneranso kulabadira momwe makampani amagwirira ntchito, kulimbitsa kayendetsedwe ka zoopsa ndikuyankha moyenera mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kusintha kwa msika.
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Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-26-2025